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Antiretroviral Therapy And Sexual Transmission Of HIV
Following the recent publication of an article on antiretroviral
treatment and sexual transmission of HIV in the Swiss medical journal 'Bulletin des
médecins suisses', UNAIDS and WHO reiterate the importance of a comprehensive
approach to HIV prevention including correct and consistent use of condoms.
The article, published by Switzerland's Federal AIDS Commission (La Commission fédérale
pour les problèmes liés au Sida), states that seropositive individuals do not risk transmitting
HIV to a seronegative partner under the following conditions: The seropositive partner has to
have had undetectable HIV in the blood for at least 6 months, there must be strict adherence
to his/her antiretroviral regimen, and he/she must be free of any other sexually transmitted
infections. In the article the Commission states that although available medical and biological
evidence does not rule out the possibility of HIV transmission they feel that there is
nonetheless enough information to support its statement.
To prevent transmission of HIV, UNAIDS and WHO strongly recommend a comprehensive
package of HIV prevention approaches, including correct and consistent use of condoms.
People living with HIV who are following an effective antiretroviral therapy regimen can
achieve undetectable viral loads (the amount of virus in a body fluid such as blood, semen or
vaginal secretions) at certain stages of their treatment. Research suggests that when the
viral load is undetectable in blood the risk of HIV transmission is significantly reduced.
However, it has not been proven to completely eliminate the risk of transmitting the virus.
More research is needed to determine the degree to which the viral load in blood predicts
the risk of HIV transmission and to determine the association between the viral load in blood
and the viral load in semen and vaginal secretions. Research also needs to consider other
related factors that contribute to HIV transmission including comorbidity with other sexually
transmitted diseases. UNAIDS and WHO will continue to follow the science of HIV
transmission and the effect of antiretroviral treatment on the transmission of HIV.
UNAIDS and WHO underline the importance of effective and proven HIV prevention
methods for all people irrespective of their HIV status. In 2005 UNAIDS published a policy
position paper on HIV prevention to provide policy guidance on intensifying HIV prevention
efforts.
A comprehensive HIV prevention package includes, but is not limited to, delaying sexual
debut, mutual fidelity, reduction of the number of sexual partners, avoidance of penetration,
safer sex including correct and consistent male and female condom use, and early and
effective treatment for sexually transmitted infections.
http://www.unaids.org
Terapie antiretroviralã transmitere sexualã ºi a HIV - Antiretroviral Therapy And Sexual Transmission Of HIV - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate