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Health Disparities In The U.S. Have Narrowed And Widened
Heath inequities between rich and poor, as well as between different
racial and ethnic groups, shrank in the U.S. from 1966 to 1980, then
widened from 1980 to 2002, as measured in rates death in the young and
in infants. This was reported in a study recently published in PLoS
Medicine.
Additionally, according to the study, if all people in the US had
experienced similar health gains to the most advantaged groups (namely,
whites in the highest income groups) between 1960 and 2002, 14% of
premature deaths among whites and 30% of premature deaths among people
of color would not have occurred.
Among public health experts around the world, there has been constant
debate regarding whether health disparities widen or narrow when
overall mortality rates decline. Some research indicates that as
overall health improves, the disparities in health between rich and
poor and between different ethnic groups narrow. However, other
research indicates the opposite, and that these overall health gains
simply mask worsening disparities. That is, while rich, white Americans
get healthier, members of ethnic minority groups and lower income
brackets get sicker or at least improve less.
To investigate the issue of health inequity over time, Nancy Krieger
(Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA) and colleagues
examined death statistics from different counties in the United States,
which are routinely collected by U.S. States and submitted to the
federal government. In these populations, they studied the rates of
premature mortality (death before age 65) and infant mortality (death
before age 1 year), which are two common measures of the health of a
population. These mortality rates were compared for different income
levels, for the US population as a whole, and for whites versus people
of color.
This finding, that the socioeconomic and racial or ethnic inequities in
premature mortality and infant death in the U.S. needs further
investigation. According to the authors, it "refutes the view that
improvements in population health by default entail growing or
shrinking health disparities."
They conclude, "Death is inevitable. Premature mortality is not."
About PLoS Medicine
PLoS Medicine is an open access, freely available
international medical journal. It publishes original research that
enhances our understanding of human health and disease, together with
commentary and analysis of important global health issues. For more
information, visit http://www.plosmedicine.org.
About the Public Library of Science
The Public Library of Science (PLoS) is a non-profit organization of
scientists and physicians committed to making the world's scientific
and medical literature a freely available public resource. For more
information, visit http://www.plos.org.
The Fall and Rise of US Inequities in Premature Mortality:
1960-2002
Nancy Krieger, David H. Rehkopf, Jarvis T. Chen, Pamela D. Waterman,
Enrico Marcelli, Malinda Kennedy
1960-2002. PLoS Med 5(2): e46.
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Written by Anna Sophia McKenney
Copyright: Start Sanatate
Not to be reproduced without permission of Start Sanatate
Decalajele de Sãnãtate din SUA au redus ºi lãrgit - Health Disparities In The U.S. Have Narrowed And Widened - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate