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Is The Obesity Epidemic Overstated?
The debate over whether or not we are actually too obese continues in a
recent article published in BMJ.
Researchers
Patrick Basham and John Luik maintain that current scientific evidence
is too uncertain to conclude that obesity is an epidemic. In the United
States, the average population increase in weight over the past 42
years is 10.9 kg, or 0.26 kg per year. However, there have been no
significant changes reported in obesity or overweight prevalence among
US adults or in overweight prevalence among children between 1999-2000
and 2001-2002.
Arguing that obesity is exaggerated, Basham and Luik state that
evidence regarding the link between
body mass index (BMI) and death is not consistent with the category
bands for normal, overweight, and obese. Supporting this claim, they
refer to
the study responsible for obesity and overweight categories and note
that risk of death for men with a BMI of 19-21 was equal to that of
obese or overweight men with a BMI of 29-31 - normal BMI is from 18.5
to 25. The authors also cite studies that have shown very small
differences between death rates and BMI.
Further, the authors remark that the relationship between obesity and
risks of certain diseases is not clear - life expectancy continues to
increase even though the current levels of overweight and obesity are
supposedly atypical. In addition, the authors propose that in the
interests of health, professionals may have both overstated risks of
overweight and obesity and exaggerated the community's ability to avoid
and treat the conditions on a population-wide basis. They conclude that
this deliberate exaggeration does a disservice for science and medical
policy that is based on evidence.
On the other side of the debate are Robert Jeffery and Nancy Sherwood
who support the notion that obesity is a scientifically-supported
serious health problem. They refer to evidence that has shown an
increase in obesity among 6-11 year-old Americans from 6.5% in 1976-80
to 19% in 2003-4. Similarly, among 12-17 year old Americans, 5% were
obese in 1976-80 compared to 17% in 2003-4. In addition, they expect
the number of overweight and obese children in Europe to increase at a
rate of 1.3 million per year by 2010.
Jeffery and Sherwood argue that research has supported a serious and
well-established relationship between obesity and risks of health
conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and certain
forms of cancer.
It has also been established in economic and epidemiological studies
that obesity is related to a significant share of current healthcare
costs and is likely to increase. The authors point to other studies
that suggest a possible fall in US life expectancy in the 21st century.
To conclude, Jeffery and Sherwood believe that the declaration of
obesity as an epidemic is a "more prudent scientific and policy
choice." They acknowledge the research showing obesity as a major
global health problem and state that a rise in obesity coupled with
ineffectual treatment will most likely result in a poor public health
outcome unless researchers are projecting incorrectly or more effective
public health measures are introduced.
Is the Obesity Epidemic Exaggerated?
Patrick Basham, John Luik, R W Jeffery, N E Sherwood
BMJ, Volume 336, pp 244-5, February 2, 2008
doi:10.1136/bmj.39458.495127.AD
Click
Here to See Article Online
Written by: Peter M Crosta, MA
Copyright: Start Sanatate
Not to be reproduced without permission of Start Sanatate
Este de a obezitãþii supraevaluatã epidemie? - Is The Obesity Epidemic Overstated? - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate