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Leading Experts Meet To Help Advance Motor Neurone Research, UK
World renowned experts on motor neurone disease will share their work at
an international symposium hosted by the University of Edinburgh
to enable greater understanding of the condition.
No cure exists for the debilitating and ultimately fatal disease, which
can lead to paralysis and severe breathing difficulties.
By bringing experts together it is hoped to encourage collaboration to
find desperately needed developments in treatment, with the ultimate
worldwide goal of finding a cure.
Professor Richard Ribchester, of the University's School of Biomedical
Sciences, said: "In the past decade alone there have been many
developments relating to our understanding of motor neurone disease.
Only by scientists working together to understand the exact mechanisms
of this condition will we be able to improve, what are at present, very
limited treatments.
"While in some instances there is a genetic link to motor neurone
disease, in the majority of cases we do not know what causes it and what
risk factors there may be. By combining areas such as regenerative
medicine, stem cell research, neuroscience, molecular medicine and
genetics, we will be able to shed more light on several important
unanswered questions that are presently blocking progress towards
finding better treatments and a cure for the disease."
The symposium, which takes place at the Royal Society of Edinburgh,
follows on from a recent announcement that the University is to set up
the Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research. The centre
is possible due to a donation from Euan MacDonald, 32, who was diagnosed
with motor neurone disease in 2003 and his father Donald, a leading
Scottish businessman. It is now seeking to appoint a senior clinical
fellow to co-ordinate its clinical and basic research.
Motor neurone disease is caused by the breakdown of motor neurones -
cells which control voluntary muscle activity, such as speaking, walking
and breathing. The University already has a strong research base into
the condition and scientists at the symposium will discuss work
including whether excessive use of motor neurons can worsen or trigger
the disease.
This involves looking at the role of glutamate, the brain's main
excitatory chemical neurotransmitter, which has raised levels in some
forms of motor neurone disease. If scientists can discover why raised
glutamate levels occur and how they cause motor neurones to degenerate
they may be able to develop drugs that combat the progression of the
disease.
Other research discussed involves the link between motor neurons and
cognitive function, such as language use, decision making and dementia.
It is estimated that cognitive ability is affected in between 25 and 50
per cent of motor neurone disease patients. In some, this may be so
subtle that patients are not even aware of it and changes in brain
function can only be picked up by brain scanning, but in up to five per
cent of cases this can involve dementia. Researchers at the University
of Edinburgh are looking at why cognitive function is impaired in some
patients and not others.
Studies involving language function also demonstrate that MND patients
often have more difficulty producing and understanding verbs as opposed
to nouns. This could reflect a close connection between performing an
action and speaking or even thinking about it.
Research in the area of regenerative medicine discussed at the symposium
will include why zebrafish are able to regenerate large numbers of motor
neurones after damage to the spinal cord and to look at how they are
replaced from local stem cells. This will be done by studying transgenic
zebra fish and fish with beneficial gene mutations.
The event will include lectures from Professor Jeff Rothstein, director
of the Packard Centre at The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore;
Professor Don Cleveland of the University of California, San Diego and
Professor Nigel Leigh, of Kings College, London - all leading
researchers on motor neurone disease.
Motor neurone disease affects one in 20,000 people. It can be detected
in an adult at any age but is predominantly diagnosed in people over 40,
with most cases reported in 50 to 70 year olds
Craig Stockton, chief executive of the Scottish Motor Neurone Disease
Association, a major co-sponsor of the symposium, said: "This is an
exciting new development which provides a great opportunity for
researchers within Scotland to hear about the latest developments within
the world of MND from some of the leading scientists in the field. It
is an excellent opportunity for new collaborations to be made and new
ideas developed. Although the symposium is aimed at researchers, those
affected by the condition, will also be greatly encouraged to know that
such a meeting is taking place."
http://www.ed.ac.uk
Leading Experþi Meet Pentru a ajuta la Advance Neurone Motor de cercetare, Marea Britanie - Leading Experts Meet To Help Advance Motor Neurone Research, UK - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate