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Motion Sickness Explained
In the 2003 Academy-Award-nominated "Master and Commander: The Far Side of
the World," intrepid sea captain Jack Aubrey sails from old-world Europe,
around the southern tip of South America, and lands in the exotic Galapagos
Islands. Despite encountering rough seas along the way, and an even rougher
battle with a rival sea captain, "Lucky Jack" never once succumbs to motion
sickness. And at the end of the film, we presume he returns to mother
England with glory for his homeland.
In real life, most travelers aren't so lucky. Travel by sea, land or air and
you'll usually find someone in the cabin getting sick - not from the galley
grog or packaged peanuts - but from the movement.
"When a person moves, his eyes, inner ear, and limbs all sense the motion
and send signals to the brain," says Dr. Michael Stewart, chair of
otorhinolaryngology at Weill Cornell Medical College and
otorhinolaryngologist-in-chief at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill
Cornell Medical Center. "The brain, in turn, then instructs the body how to
respond to the movement."
When all parts of the body feel the same motion and the brain receives
identical signals, the situation is fine. However, when traveling, this
doesn't always happen. An airline passenger may see a static cabin while his
limbs and inner ear sense the jostle of turbulence; the eyes of train or car
passengers may see scenery rushing by, but their limbs and inner ears sense
little movement. Situations like these result in mixed signals being sent to
the brain, resulting in a rush of confusion and feelings of nausea,
dizziness and fatigue - a.k.a., motion sickness.
"There are medications that can help," says Dr. Stewart. "Dramamine and
antihistamines; or Antivert (Meclizine), which requires a prescription; or
actually even valium, can reduce symptoms by deadening the senses and
reducing input to the brain. But, they'll all make you drowsy." Simple
non-drug measures such as looking at the horizon or closing your eyes may
work with some people, too.
Some passengers - typically, ship travelers - succumb to a paradoxical kind
of motion sickness known as "mal de debarquement." These passengers feel
fine on the high seas, but get queasy and disoriented once back on dry land.
"For reasons that physicians don't completely understand, these people
calibrate easily to motion, but have difficulty calibrating back to not
moving," says Dr. Stewart. Fortunately, "mal de debarquement" is rarely
serious and typically fades away within a few hours or days. However, if
necessary, it can be treated with the same medications as used for motion
sickness.
Science Briefs is an electronic newsletter published by the Office of Public Affairs that focuses on innovative medical research and patient care at Weill Cornell Medical College.
http://www.med.cornell.edu/science
Propunere de boalã a explicat - Motion Sickness Explained - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate