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Poor Americans In The United States Suffer Hidden Burden Of Parasitic And Other Neglected Diseases
Large numbers of the poorest Americans living in the United States are
suffering from some of the same parasitic infections that affect the poor
in
Africa, Asia, and Latin America, says the Editor-in-Chief of PLoS
Neglected Tropical Diseases.
In an article entitled "Poverty and Neglected Diseases in the 'Other'
America," Professor Peter Hotez (George Washington University and the
Sabin Vaccine Institute) says that there is evidence that the parasitic
diseases toxocariasis, cysticercosis and toxoplasmosis as well as other
neglected infections are very common in the United States, especially
among poor and underrepresented minority populations living in inner
cities and
poor rural areas. Such infections are known as neglected tropical
diseases (NTDs) because they afflict mostly poor people and are often
ignored by
public health officials and political leaders despite their enormous
medical importance.
Toxocariasis, caused by the roundworm Toxocara canis, is now a common
parasitic infection among inner city African-American and Hispanic
children.
Possibly as many as 23% of Americans living in poverty are exposed to this
parasitic worm, in whom it causes a lung disease that resembles asthma, as
well as liver and brain disease. Cysticercosis, caused by the tapeworm
Taenia solium, is emerging as the leading cause of epilepsy among Hispanic
populations in the US, and toxoplasmosis is an important cause of
congenital birth defects among Mexican Americans and African Americans.
"Because these parasitic infections only occur among impoverished people
and mostly underrepresented minorities in the US," he says, "I believe
that
there has been a lack of political will to study the problem. It is
easier to allow these diseases of poverty to simply remain neglected."
In addition to the neglected diseases above, significant numbers of
American schoolchildren living in poor areas may also be infected with
other
parasites, including Ascaris roundworms in the South, Strongyloides
threadworms in Appalachia, Leishmania protozoan parasites in Texas, and
the
bacteria that cause leptospirosis.
"That reliable numbers on the actual prevalence of these neglected
tropical diseases in the United States are simply not available is
reflective of
their neglected status, and their disproportionate impact on minorities
and poor people," says Professor Hotez. "There is an urgent need to
support
studies that assess the disease burden resulting from these diseases in
the United States, identify the minority populations at greatest risk, and
identify simple and cost-effective public health solutions."
A related study in this week's journal, by Thomas Nutman (National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA ) and colleagues, documents
a
sizeable number of imported cases to the US of parasitic worm infections
(filarial infections) that are predominantly found in the developing
world.
Dr. Nutman and colleagues examined data from The GeoSentinel Surveillance
Network, a global network of medical and travel clinics established in
1995
to detect trends in illnesses among US travelers. Filarial infections,
such as river blindness, elephantiasis, and African eyeworm comprised
0.62%
(271) of the 43,722 medical conditions reported to the GeoSentinel Network
between 1995 and 2004. Immigrants from filarial-endemic regions comprised
the group most likely to have acquired a filarial infection; sub-Saharan
Africa was the region of the world where the majority of filarial
infections
were acquired.
Citation: Hotez PJ (2007) Neglected Diseases and Poverty in ''The Other
America'': The Greatest Health Disparity in the United States? PLoS
Negl Trop Dis 1(3): e149. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000149
Please click here
Citation: Lipner EM, Law MA, Barnett E, Keystone JS, von Sonnenburg F, et
al. (2007) Filariasis in Travelers Presenting to the GeoSentinel
Surveillance Network. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 1(3): e88.
doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000088
Please click here
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Slaba americani din Statele Unite sufera Ascuns sarcina parazitare ªi Alte bolile neglijate - Poor Americans In The United States Suffer Hidden Burden Of Parasitic And Other Neglected Diseases - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate