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Do Low Testosterone Levels Influence Depression In Older Men?
A recent article in the Archives of General Psychiatry
reports that older men with depression have lower total and free
testosterone levels in their blood, but a randomized controlled trial
is necessary to determine whether or not the association is causal.
Researcher Osvaldo P. Almeida, M.D., Ph.D., F.R.A.N.Z.C.P. (University
of Western Australia, Perth) and colleagues first note that between 2
and 5 percent of the population suffer from depression. Up to age 65,
women are more likely to be depressed than men. The sex differences are
negligible after this age, and previous research has argued that sex
hormones may be responsible.
In their cross-sectional study, the researchers analyzed 3,987 men
between 71 and 89 years of age. To gather information about
demographics and health history, the study participants completed a
questionnaire between 2001 and 2004. The researchers assessed
participants for depression and cognitive (thinking, learning and
memory) difficulties, and they procured information about physical
health conditions from a short survey and an Australian health
database. Blood samples provided the study authors with information on
two types of testosterone levels: total and free. Total testosterone is
chemically bound to proteins, whereas free testosterone is bioavailable
and unbound.
About 5% (203) participants were diagnosed as depressed, and they had
significantly lower total and free testosterone levels compared to men
who did not meet the criteria for depression. Variables were then added
to the model to control for possibly confounding characteristics such
as education level, body mass index, and cognitive scores. Dr. Almeida
and colleagues found that compared to men in the highest quintile (20%)
of free testosterone concentrations, men in the lowest
quintile had three times the odds of having depression.
The authors speculate that changes in the levels of neurotransmitters
or brain hormones may be how low testosterone levels actually affect
the risk of depression.
"A randomized controlled trial is required to determine whether
reducing prolonged exposure to low free testosterone is associated with
a reduction in the prevalence of depression in elderly men," the
authors conclude. "If so, older men with depression may benefit from
systematic screening of free testosterone concentration, and
testosterone supplementation may contribute to the successful treatment
of hypogonadal [with low hormone levels] older men with depression."
Low Free Testosterone Concentration as a Potentially Treatable
Cause of Depressive Symptoms in Older Men
Osvaldo P. Almeida, MD, PhD, FRANZCP; Bu B. Yeap, MBBS, PhD;
Graeme J. Hankey, MBBS, MD; Konrad Jamrozik, MBBS, DPhil; Leon Flicker,
MBBS, FRACP, PhD
Archives of General Psychiatry (2008). 64(3):283-289
Click
Here to View Abstract
Written by: Peter M Crosta
Copyright: Start Sanatate
Not to be reproduced without permission of Start Sanatate
Nu Min nivelurile de testosteron influenþa în depresie bãrbaþi mai în vârstã? - Do Low Testosterone Levels Influence Depression In Older Men? - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate