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Over 200 Million Children Under 5 Failing To Reach Their Potential In Cognitive Development
More than 200 million children under 5 years fail to reach their potential in cognitive
development because of poverty, poor health and nutrition, and deficient care, reveals the
first paper in a three part Serieson child development, which begins in this week’s issue of
The Lancet.
The Seriesshows that most of these children - 89 million - live in south Asia and that ten
countries (India, Nigeria, China, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Pakistan, Democratic
Republic of Congo, Uganda, and Tanzania) account for 145 million (66%) of the 219 million
disadvantaged children in the developing world.
"These disadvantaged children are likely to do poorly in school and subsequently have low
incomes, high fertility, and provide poor care for their children, thus contributing to the
intergenerational transmission of poverty," says Professor Sally Grantham-McGregor, one of
the lead authors of the Series.
In the second paper in the Series, researchers identify the main causes of poor child
development - stunting, iodine and iron deficiencies, and inadequate cognitive and social-
emotional stimulation. Other potential risk factors include maternal depression, exposure to
lead and arsenic, and some infectious diseases, such as malaria or HIV/AIDS.
Interventions that address these causal factors can reduce the burden of poor child
development, say the authors of the final paper in the Series. Research shows, for example,
that stimulating children through programs involving play and improving their home
environment through parental education can have lasting benefits on their IQ and
educational performance. The benefits are even greater when psychosocial stimulation is
combined with improved diets for infants and toddlers, say the authors.
The final Seriespaper assesses the strategies that exist to tackle poor child development and
identifies those that are most effective.
The authors conclude: "The most effective early child development programmes provide
direct learning experiences to children and families, are targeted toward younger and
disadvantaged children, are of longer duration, higher quality, higher intensity, and are
integrated with family support, health, nutrition, or educational systems and services.
Despite convincing evidence of cost effectiveness, programme coverage is low. To achieve
the Millennium Development Goals of reducing poverty and ensuring primary school
completion for girls and boys, governments and civil society should consider expanding high
quality, early child development programmes."
http://www.lancet.com
Peste 200 de milioane de copii sub 5 nu-ºi atinge potenþialul în dezvoltarea cognitivã - Over 200 Million Children Under 5 Failing To Reach Their Potential In Cognitive Development - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate