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Researchers Reveal Types Of Genes Necessary For Brain Development
Researchers from Harvard Medical School and Brandeis University have successfully completed a full-genome RNAi screen in neurons, showing what types
of genes are necessary for brain development. Details of the screen and its novel methodology are published July 4th in the open-access journal PLoS
Genetics.
Recent advances in genomics, such as the sequencing of entire genomes and the discovery of RNA-interference as a means of testing the effects of gene
loss, have opened up the possibility to systematically analyze the function of all known and predicted genes in an organism. Until now, this type of
functional genomics approach has not been applied to the study of very complex cells, such as the brain's neurons, on a full-genome scale.
Dr. Katharine Sepp and her fellow researchers took fresh neuronal cells extracted from embryos of the fruit fly genus Drosophila and screened them
using RNA interference techniques. The team tested all genes, one by one in a rapid manner, for their potential role in neuronal development. The
team then validated the method in mice.
A combination of live-cell imaging and quantitative analysis allowed Sepp et al to characterize neurons' morphological phenotypes in response to
RNAi-mediated gene knockdown. The researchers focused on 104 evolutionary conserved genes that, when downregulated by RNAi, have morphological
defects. The team developed algorithms to help streamline the analysis of the thousands of images created in the process.
The analysis revealed unexpected, essential roles in neurite outgrowth for genes representing a wide range of functional categories including
signalling molecules, enzymes, channels, receptors, and cytoskeletal proteins. Results also determined that genes known to be involved in protein and
vesicle trafficking show similar RNAi phenotypes.
The researchers believe that this study provides an effective method for future studies of a large variety of genes, including those with important
functions in the nervous system.
Sepp KJ, Hong P, Lizarraga SB, Liu JS, Mejia LA, et al. (2008)
"Identification of Neural Outgrowth Genes using Genome-Wide RNAi."
PLoS Genet 4(7): e1000111. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000111
Click here to view article online
About PLoS Genetics
PLoS Genetics (http://www.plosgenetics.org) reflects the full breadth and interdisciplinary nature of genetics and genomics research by publishing
outstanding original contributions in all areas of biology. All works published in PLoS Genetics are open access. Everything is immediately and freely
available online throughout the world subject only to the condition that the original authorship and source are properly attributed. Copyright is
retained by the authors. The Public Library of Science uses the Creative Commons Attribution License.
About the Public Library of Science
The Public Library of Science (PLoS) is a non-profit organization of scientists and physicians committed to making the world's scientific and medical
literature a freely available public resource. For more information, visit http://www.plos.org.
Cercetatori Descoperã Tipuri de gene necesare pentru Dezvoltare Brain - Researchers Reveal Types Of Genes Necessary For Brain Development - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate