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This is your fly's brain on drugs
Cocaine addiction wreaks profound changes on the brain, hijacking reward circuits and depressing inhibitory loops to the
point that drug seeking and taking become central drivers of behavior. While mammalian models are useful for mapping out the
neural complexity of these behaviors, insights into the molecular basis of drug abuse can often be garnered from simple
models, such as the fruitfly, Drosophila. In the open-access journal PLoS Biology, Ulrike Heberlein and colleagues describe
their discovery of a new gene that modulates sensitivity to cocaine within the cells of the fruitfly's internal clock. They
further show that the cells' role in regulating cocaine sensitivity is distinct from its function as a timekeeper.
One known effect of cocaine on Drosophila is loss of "negative geotaxis," or wall climbing, in response to startle. Using
this behavior to screen 400 different mutants, the researchers identified seven with an increased response to cocaine, and
for two of these, the disrupted gene was the same, Lmo.
While Lmo is found throughout the body, it is enriched in the brain, and its cocaine-related effects appear to localize in
the ventral lateral neurons (LNvs), which provide the fly with an internal clock, driving circadian activities even in the
absence of light. However, it appears that these neurons modulate cocaine sensitivity independently of their role in
controlling circadian rhythms.
Because Lmo-related proteins are found in key areas of mammalian brains, these results may have important implications for
understanding innate differences in sensitivity to cocaine in humans, and potentially provide targets for development of
drugs to treat or prevent addiction.
Citation: Tsai L, Bainton R, Blau J, Heberlein U (2004) Lmo Mutants Reveal a Novel Role for Circadian Pacemaker Neurons in
Cocaine-Induced Behaviors. PLoS Biol 2 (12): e408.
Contact: Ulrike Heberlein
University of California, San Francisco
1550 4th Street, Room 445
San Francisco, CA 94143-2822
1-415-502-1717
ulrike@itsa.ucsf.edu
PLEASE MENTION PLoS BIOLOGY (http://www.plosbiology.org) AS THE
SOURCE FOR THIS ARTICLE. THANK YOU.
All works published in PLoS Biology are open access. Everything is immediately available without cost to anyone, anywhere--to
read, download, redistribute, include in databases, and otherwise use--subject only to the condition that the original
authorship is properly attributed. Copyright is retained by the authors. The Public Library of Science uses the Creative
Commons Attribution License.
Contact: Paul Ocampo
pocampo@plos.org
1-415-624-1224
Public Library of Science
Acesta este zbura de pe creier de droguri - This is your fly's brain on drugs - articole medicale engleza - startsanatate